@article{oai:hama-med.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000008,
 author = {佐藤, 弘明},
 journal = {浜松医科大学紀要. 一般教育},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, Carrying loads on the human body is one of the characteristics of human beings in the wild. Load influences the carrier’s body construction, his/her posture and his/her body economy, so carrying loads without disadvantage would be valuable for human beings, especially, for early human beings. In this paper the author describes and analyzes the load-carrying behavior of the Boyela, a horticulturalist group inhabiting the middle of the Congo (ex-Zaire) Forest. The postures of carriers carrying load on their own bodies were classified according to four criteria: what kind of objects were carried, where was the position of the objects carried on the carrier’s body, what was the body part supporting the load, and whether tools for supporting the load were used or not. The postures for carrying general goods, such as commodities, were classified into 26 types and those for carrying infants or babies into 9 types. There were striking differences between both sexes in frequency, measure of load, and posture type adopted in carrying objects on his/her own body. There were also differences between two ethnic groups in posture type and carrying tools used. The author considered that these differences did not resulted from physiological or anatomical factors, but ecological, socio-cultural or psycological factors. From the viewpoint of the evolution of bipedal locomotion, the author evaluated the significance of shoulders as the most principal body part for supporting load, as well as hands and arms which contributed to the occurrence of various posture types in carrying objects, and carrying tools which would make transport efficiency progress dramatically.},
 pages = {13--38},
 title = {コンゴ森林農耕民ボイエラの運搬活動},
 volume = {18},
 year = {2004}
}